Fraunhofer ISE’s Agrivoltaic Research: Increasing Sustainability

New research conducted by Germany's Fraunhofer ISE company has revealed that combining solar panels with agricultural crops can increase both agricultural productivity and electricity generation. The findings from the research project titled "Model Region: Agrivoltaics for Baden-Württemberg" show that partial shading benefits crop growth and helps cool the panels, thereby enhancing their electricity generation capacity.

Agricultural Photovoltaics and Initial Results

A two-year study on agrivoltaic systems installed over apple trees in Kressbronn, near Lake Constance, found that agricultural areas under solar panels required 70% less pesticide and 50% less irrigation. Moreover, simulations indicated that the panels generated 20% more electricity. Researchers attribute this increase to the evaporative cooling effect of the plants and improved ventilation behind the panels.

Yield Increase and Land Use Efficiency

In trials conducted in 2018, crops grown under solar panels showed significant yield improvements. While crops like celery and winter wheat experienced a 3% yield increase, alfalfa saw an 8% decrease. Notably, potato production reached a land-use efficiency of 6 per hectare. These results demonstrate that agrivoltaic systems offer substantial benefits for both agricultural productivity and energy generation.

Future Pilot Projects

Currently, 13 pilot facilities are being developed across various locations, designed specifically for fruit, strawberries, arable land, and meadows. These systems aim to test different applications and technologies. The project is recognized as one of the largest agrivoltaic research initiatives not only in Germany but globally.