In the last 20 years, we have lost 2.6 million hectares of agricultural land
Turkey Chamber of Agricultural Engineers (TZOB) President Şemsi Bayraktar, on the occasion of Soil Day, issued a press release emphasizing the importance of preserving soil as a valuable legacy for future generations. He highlighted that soil, formed over millions of years, is a precious treasure not only for farmers but for all of humanity.
Bayraktar recalled the passing of the 'Land Distribution Law' on June 11, 1945, aimed at enabling farmers without sufficient or any land to acquire enough for their families' livelihoods and utilize their labor. Additionally, to emphasize the significance of soil, the 'Soil Day Law' (Law No. 4760) was enacted in the same year. Since then, every first Sunday following June 11, marking the acceptance of the Land Distribution Law, has been celebrated as 'Soil Day.'
Bayraktar expressed concern about the increasing pressures on soil globally, particularly due to factors like population growth, improper use, and indiscriminate industrialization. He highlighted that despite being considered Turkey's greatest wealth, the country has not adequately protected its soils.
"Over the past 20 years, we have lost 2.6 million hectares of agricultural land," Bayraktar said, noting the continuous decline in agricultural land in Turkey, the decreasing young rural population, and farmers' reluctance to produce due to rising costs. He added, "With Turkey's land area of 78.35 million hectares, including perennial plants, the total land area has decreased from 26.6 million hectares to 23.9 million hectares over the past 20 years. During this period, we lost 2.6 million hectares of agricultural land. In the past decade, the agricultural land in Turkey's largest agricultural regions, namely Konya, Ankara, Şanlıurfa, and Sivas, has decreased by 1.8 million hectares. The decrease rates in these provinces are 7.9% in Şanlıurfa, 3.5% in Ankara, 1.8% in Sivas, and 1.4% in Konya."
Bayraktar highlighted the importance of protecting agricultural lands and the need for various efforts to bring fallow lands into production. He pointed out that in 2019, the total cultivated agricultural area increased by 3.6% to reach 23.942 million hectares, up from 23.099 million hectares in 2019. He continued, saying:
"Our efforts have shown results, and the agricultural production on cultivated agricultural lands is increasing. However, the increase in agricultural lands is still insufficient in the face of the rapidly increasing population in our country. The per capita land area has continued to decrease in recent years. According to statistics, while there were 3.3 hectares of land per capita in 2010, this value decreased to 3 hectares in 2015 and now stands at 2.8 hectares. In this context, it is imperative to prevent agricultural lands from being diverted from their intended use. When designing highways and urban developments, care should be taken to use less fertile and more unproductive lands instead of productive agricultural lands."
Bayraktar emphasized the need to prevent the division of agricultural lands into hobby gardens. He said, "Our farmers continue to produce despite all the difficulties they face. However, in recent years, they have had to cope with hobby gardens set up among agricultural lands. Our land, which is the breadwinner of our farmers, cannot be wasted on hobby gardens. In particular, in major cities, where the most fertile lands are found in coastal provinces, the fragmentation of productive agricultural lands into hobby gardens through cooperatives has increased even further. Lands are divided into plots of up to 250 square meters in major cities, where hobby gardens are established. These areas are allocated to containers, prefabricated houses, tiny houses, pools, and concrete structures, destroying agricultural lands. There is no valid justification for such constructions. Hobby gardens established near villages also adversely affect the social structure of villages."
He concluded by highlighting the importance of maintaining the size and integrity of agricultural lands in increasing productivity, reducing costs, and efficiently utilizing technology in agricultural production. He stressed that regardless of the reason, the fragmentation of agricultural lands and the establishment of developments between large plots, such as hobby gardens, were inappropriate.
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